中国天然气战略储备的需求和对策

通过对世界上部分国家和地区天然气战略储备发展状况及天然气储备经验的分析，得出：①天然气地下储备优于地表储备；②直接将天然气储存于地下的成本低于以液化天然气形式的储备；③枯竭油气藏地下储气最优，含水层地下储气次之。我国2020年前天然气战略储备的需求将达到250×108m3的工作气量，面对如此巨大需求，选择合适的库址和库型是非常重要的，结合我国油气资源远离天然气消费大城市和主要富集在非均质性较强的陆相地层中的特点，提出我国未来天然气地下战略储备应以海相含水层作为主要储集空间、并考虑其它多种库型的对策，并就不同投资主体在不同类型地下储气库建设中应发挥的作用提出了建议。

THE DEMAND OF STRATEGIC STORAGE OF NATURAL GAS IN CHINA AND ITS COUNTERMEASURES ANALYSIS

Through analysis on the status of natural gas reserves development in some countries and areas in the world, it is resulted from their experiences of natural gas storage practices as follows: ①the underground storage will be favorable than the surface tank storage; ②underground storage in the state of natural gas will be cheap than that of LNG; ③storage in depleted oil and gas pools will be less expensive than that in aquifers. The demand before 2020 for the strategic reserves of natural gas is predicted to be 25 billion cubic meters as working gas capacity. Thus to meet such requirements for the future high demand, it is quite important to select the storage sites and types. Considering the fact that oil and gas rich provinces are generally far from big gas consumption cities petroleum is mostly often gathered from lacustrine deposit which is highly inhomogeneous limiting the potential of storage capacities of depleted oil and gas pools, it is stated that aquifers of Paleozoic marine deposit should be explored as main type of strategic underground storages of natural gas, while other types, such as depleted oil and gas pools, salt caverns, abandoned mines and linked rock caverns, as complementary ones. At the same time it is suggested different types of storage play different roles in various types of underground storage construction.