富含高岭土的矿井水处理中存在的问题及应对措施

针对某煤矿富含高岭土的矿井水难以处理的问题,对絮凝剂PAM和PAC的选用及最佳投量进行了试验。结果表明:阳离子PAM的絮凝效果显著优于阴离子、非离子PAM的;原采用的普通型PAC配合PAM不能有效去除高岭土颗粒,而高效液体型PAC在投加量仅为普通型PAC的1/3的条件下,处理出水浊度可降至4.2～8.4 NTU。因此,实际工程确定选用阳离子PAM和高效液体型PAC药剂,投加量分别为0.25、50 mg/L,处理效果得到了显著提高,但反渗透进水SDI值仍常有超过3的情况出现。为此,在一级过滤泵前增加二次絮凝工艺(投加3～5 mg/L的PAC),保证反渗透进水SDI值稳定在3以下,达到了设计要求。

Problems and Solutions in Treatment of Mine Water Richly Containing Kaolin

Experiments were done for the treatment of mine water richly containing kaolin with different types and dosages of PAC and PAM.The results showed that the flocculation efficiency of the cationic PAM was much better than that of anionic and nonionic PAM.The conventional PAC coupled with PAM could not effectively remove kaolin particles.The treated effluent turbidity was decreased to 4.2-8.4 NTU when using efficient liquid PAC with a dosage corresponding to 1/3 of the conventional PAC dosage.The cationic PAM and the efficient liquid PAC were determined with dosages of 0.25 mg/L and 50 mg/L.The treatment efficiency was improved.However,the influent SDI of reverse osmosis system often exceeded 3.Secondary flocculation with PAC dosage of 3 to 5 mg/L was adopted before the single stage filtration pump to ensure the SDI to be below 3.The design requirement was achieved.