Pricing and return product collection decisions in a closed-loop supply chain with dual-channel in both forward and reverse logistics |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Science, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, PR China;2. School of Economics and Management, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China;3. General Courses Department, Military Transportation University, Tianjin 300160, PR China;1. School of Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;2. School of Information Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;1. School of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;2. Centre for Sustainable Engineering Operations Management, Department of Technology and Innovation, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M 5230, Denmark |
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| Abstract: | This paper deals a closed-loop supply chain with two dual channels – forward dual-channel where a manufacturer sells a product to customers through traditional retail channel and e-tail (internet) channel, and reverse dual-channel where the used items are collected for remanufacturing through the traditional third party logistics and e-tail channel. We derive analytically the pricing and return product collection decisions for the supply chain under five different scenarios viz. centralized, decentralized (Nash game), and manufacturer-led, retailer-led and third party-led decentralized scenarios. We also demonstrate the proposed model through a series of data sets. It is observed from the numerical study that the retailer-led decentralized scenario provides more profit than other decentralized scenarios. |
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| Keywords: | Closed-loop supply chain Forward and reverse logistics Dual-channel |
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