稠油水热裂解催化剂研究进展

对稠油水热裂解发生的温度区间、涉及的化学反应及其机理作了分析讨论。基于反应机理井参考用于稠油、减压渣油、重质馏分油以至煤的加氢裂化改质催化剂，讨论了各类水热裂解催化剂的效能。包括非均相催化剂和分散型、水溶性等均相催化剂。综述了国内外文献报道的各种稠油地下水热裂解催化剂，讨论了组成、性能和降黏效果。指出应针对不同性质的稠油研发价格低、活性高、选择性高、反应条件宽的水热裂解催化剂，特别是均相的离子液体催化剂和纳米催化剂。图3参55。

Advances in Researches on Aquathermolysis Catalysts for Heavy Crude Oils

The temperature range of and the chemical reactions and mechanisms involved in downhole aquathermolysis of heavy crude oils are summarized.On the basis of the reaction mechanisms and taking into consideration hydrocracking catalysts for upgrading of heavy oils,vacuum residues,heavy petroleum fractions and coal,the varieties and the behavior of catalysts for aquathermolysis of heavy crude oils are presented and discussed,these including heterogeneous phase catalysts and homogeneous phase,water soluble and dispersed,catalysts.The downhole aquathermolysis catalysts for heavy crude oils published in literature in China and abroad are presented and their composition,performance,and viscosity reduction(upgrading) efficiency are discussed.