坑外荷载对软土地区基坑开挖变形性状的影响

针对基坑开挖时坑外通常存在着建筑材料、车辆和其他荷载的情况，基于Biot三维固结理论开发了可以考虑流固耦合的三维基坑有限元程序，分别研究了坑外荷载大小、荷载施加时间和荷载施加区域对基坑支护结构水平位移、坑外地表沉降和坑底隆起变形的影响。结果表明:荷载大小对基坑支护结构的水平位移、地表沉降和坑底隆起变形影响较大；荷载施加时间和荷载施加区域则仅仅对支护结构水平位移和地表沉降影响较大，对坑底隆起变形影响较小；在对基坑进行工程设计时，应考虑坑边荷载的影响。

Influence of Outside Load on Deformation Behavior of Foundation Pit Excavation in Soft Soil Area

Aimed at building materials, vehicles and other loads usually found near foundation pit excavation, based on Biots 3D consolidation theory, a 3D finite element program with considering fluid solid coupling was developed. The influences of loading size, loading time and loading area on the horizontal displacement of supporting structure, ground settlement around the excavation and basal heave of the excavation were studied respectively. The results show that loading size has great influence on the horizontal displacement of supporting structure, ground settlement and basal heave; loading time and loading area have great influence on the horizontal displacement of supporting structure and ground settlement, however have little influence on the heave deformation of pit base. Therefore, the influence of load should be considered when designing an excavation.