液压凿岩机回弹缓冲装置设计与实验研究

液压凿岩机钎杆回弹造成了机体刚性冲击,降低了凿岩机的工作效率和使用寿命,针对此不足,通过回弹波动理论分析,提出了回弹速度的计算方法和回弹缓冲装置的设计方法,从蓄能器的耦合和局部阻力角度建立缓冲活塞的数学模型,得出了缓冲活塞运动的非线性方程.利用Simulink对缓冲活塞进行了运动学仿真,分析了预充压力对回弹缓冲装置的动特性影响和其对工况的响应能力,并与实验结果进行对比,验证了仿真的准确性.结果表明:回弹速度与预充压力无关,与工作介质有关,介质系数增大,回弹速度增大.回弹缓冲装置设计有很好的工况响应能力,增加了液压凿岩机的可靠性,工作效率提高了7.23%,更符合实际工况要求.

Design and experiment on the anti-rebound buffer device of hydraulic rock drill

With the rebound of the drill rod,the rigid impact between the drill rod and the body of the hydraulic rock drill is more difficult,which reduces the working efficiency and the service life of the hydraulic rock drill.So a design approach to anti-rebound buffer device and a computing method for the rebound velocity of the rod were put forward to solve this problem on the basis of an analysis of wave theory of rebound respectively.The mathematical model of the buffer piston was established based on the coupling of the accumulator and local resistance.Through the math-ematical model,the non-linear equation of the buffer piston was obtained.The kinematics of the buffer piston was simulated in Simulink to analyze the influence of different precharge pressure on the dynamic characteristics of the buffer piston and the response ability of the device under differ-ent working mediums,and the simulation result was verified by comparing with the experiment result.The results showed that the rebound velocity was related to the working mediums,but not to the precharge pressure,and the rebound velocity increases as the medium coefficient increases. In additions,the working efficiency of the hydraulic rock drill was increased by 7.23%.Consider-ing the high reliability and the good response ability of working condition,the design of the anti-rebound buffer device was finally selected to be used in the actual working conditions.