建筑陶瓷装饰技术的现状及发展趋势

简要介绍了建筑陶瓷领域、日用陶瓷和工艺美术陶瓷领域装饰技术的最新进展,着重介绍了引领陶瓷装饰技术发展和最新潮流的意大利、西班牙在这方面的水平和成果,他们为开放的中国从世界陶瓷大国尽快过渡到世界陶瓷强国提供了借鉴和方向。装饰技术的总体水平包括设计、装饰技法、装饰工艺、装饰材料和装饰机械装备等几大方面,其中设计是龙头,它应包括产品的图案设计、造型设计、色彩的搭配、产品的应用及展示设计等多个方面;装饰技法包括平面装饰和立体装饰、平铺和点缀、多种装饰材料的交替和组合应用等;装饰工艺包括布料(多管布料、多次布料、随机布料、微粉和干粒布料),丝网印刷(平面丝网印刷、辊筒印刷、胶辊印刷),各种施釉工艺,抛光,柔抛,釉抛和半釉抛工艺,磨边和水刀切割,拼花工艺等;装饰材料有各种色料、成釉、金属釉、干粒、印油、渗花液、喷墨印刷用耗材等;装饰机械装备包括各种装饰机械和工模具。

PRESENT SITUATION AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT OF DECORATION TECHNOLOGY IN BUILDING CERAMICS

This paper introduces latest developments in decoration technology of building ceramics, daily-use ceramics and art ceramics, especially those of Spain and Italy that have taken the lead and set the trend, which may be of avail to Chinese ceramics. The level of decoration is determined by design, decoration techniques, technologies, materials and equipment. Of them, design is the most important. It comprises pattern design, plastic design, color arrangement, product application and exhibition design. Decoration techniques include plane and solid decoration, outspread and interspersion, alternation and combination of different decorative materials. Decoration technologies involve materials distribution (multi-pipe distribution, multiple distribution, random distribution, minute powder and dry granule distribution), silk-screen printing (plane silk-screen printing, roller printing, glue-roller printing), all kinds of glazing techniques, polishing, mild polishing, glaze polishing and half-glaze polishing, border abrading, water reamer incision, pattern assembling, etc. Decoration materials comprise various color materials, prepared glazes, metal glazes, dry granules, stamp-pad ink, infiltrating glazes, and other spout ink printing materials. Decoration machines involve all sorts of mechanical appliances, instruments and tools.