介孔硼硅酸盐玻璃微球药物载体的制备及其性能表征

介孔二氧化硅微粒具有化学稳定性好、比表面积大和表面易修饰等特点, 作为药物载体具有良好的应用前景, 但其缺乏生物活性且生物降解缓慢等在一定程度上限制了它的应用领域。为克服这些缺陷, 寻找合适的药物载体已成为重要研究方向。与纯二氧化硅相比, 硼硅酸盐玻璃具有良好的生物活性和更高的降解速率。基于此, 本研究尝试合成介孔硼硅酸盐玻璃微球(MBGMs), 并表征了其在负载和释放抗肿瘤药物盐酸阿霉素(DOX)过程中的载体特性和材料降解引发的各种功能性离子的释放行为。结果表明BMGMs具有约25 mg/g的DOX负载量,引入硼不仅可以调控MBGMs的化学活性和降解速率, 而且较高硼含量的MBGMs可促进酸性条件下的药物释放, 具有一定的酸性响应性。此外, MBGMs可在模拟体液中释放SiO₄^4-、BO₃^3-和Ca²⁺等有益骨组织生长的功能性离子, 并诱导生成羟基磷灰石, 具备良好的离子缓释能力和体外矿化活性。因此, MBGMs作为一种新颖的药物载体材料, 既可作为药物和功能离子的双重负载, 又具有良好的生物活性和降解特性, 在病理性骨缺损修复领域具有良好的应用前景。

Drug Carrier Based on Mesoporous Borosilicate Glass Microspheres: Preparation and Performance

Mesoporous silica particles have characteristics of excellent chemical stability, large specific surface area and convenient surface modification, showing promising application in drug carriers. However, their lack of bioactivity and slow biodegradation rate limit this application. To overcome these shortcomings, creating suitable biomaterials for drug carriers has become an indispensable and, therefore, important research direction in materials science. Compared with pure silica or silicate glasses, borosilicate glasses with excellent bioactivity degrade faster, enabling them suitable and favorable for drug carriers. Here, we synthesized mesoporous borosilicate glass microspheres (MBGMs) and characterized their properties of loading and releasing an antitumor drug, doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), and releasing their own various ions triggered by degradation. The results showed that BMGMs had a DOX loading amount of about 25 mg/g. Introduction of boron improved chemical activity and degrading rate of MBGMs, resulting in more DOX released in acidic enviroment than alkaline condition, which displayed a certain acid-responsive drug releasing behavior. Meanwhile, MBGMs can release functional ions such as SiO₄^4-, BO₃^3- and Ca²⁺, and induce hydroxyapatite formation, indicating sustained ion releasing ability and excellent bioactivity. Altogether, MBGMs, as a novel kind of drug carrier, have a potential application in the field of pathological bone defect repairing.