以智能化为目标导向的直升机驾驶舱光环境现状调查

直升机驾驶舱设备精密复杂、布置高度集成,同时,驾驶舱外部光环境复杂多变且毫无规律,因此驾驶员的视看信息负荷极其繁重。高效舒适智能的驾驶舱光环境是减缓视觉疲劳、保证直升机全天候安全飞行的必要条件。目前,智能照明应用于直升机驾驶舱已有探讨性研究,驾驶舱光环境的智能化是必然趋势。本文通过对驾驶员的问卷访谈和直升机驾驶舱光环境参数测量,获得了反映驾驶员现状满意度的主客观数据,通过数据统计分析得出:舱外日眩光、舱内夜间显示设备亮度分布不合理产生的眩光和玻璃反射眩光、设备亮度调控不便和灵敏度较低、照度不足和照明遮挡等问题,是直升机驾驶舱光环境现状存在的主要问题,解析了“获取全天候的自发光设备的亮度自调节控制曲线”和“夜间工况下满足视觉舒适和视觉功效要求的环境照明照度及照度均匀度阈值”是智能照明应用于驾驶光环境的两项首要研发任务需求。

Investigation of Light Environment of In-service Helicopter Cockpit Oriented by Intelligence

The helicopter cockpit equipment is sophisticated and highly integrated.At the same time,the external light environment of the cockpit is complex and erratic,therefore the driver’s visual load is heavy.Efficient,comfortable and intelligent cockpit light environment is necessary to slow down visual fatigue and ensure safe flight of helicopters around the clock.At present,intelligent lighting has been explored in helicopter cockpits,and the intelligentization of the cockpit light environment is an inevitable trend.In this paper,through the questionnaire interviews with active pilots and the measurement of the light environment parameters of the in-service helicopter cockpit,the subjective and objective data reflecting the satisfaction of the driver’s status is obtained.Through statistical analysis of the data,it finds out that the sun glare and illumination and glare caused by unreasonable brightness distribution of the nighttime display equipment,inconvenient adjustment of equipment brightness,low illumination,and illumination obscuration are the main problems in the current situation of the cockpit light environment of in-service helicopters.Obtaining“brightness self-adjusting control curve of the around the clock self illuminating device”and“ambient illuminance and illuminance uniformity threshold that meet visual comfort and visual efficacy requirements under nighttime conditions”are the two primary researches and development tasks required for intelligent lighting applied to the driving light environment.