FRP桥梁结构的受力性能与设计方法

由于FRP(纤维增强复合材料)的材料特性,非常适合在桥梁结构中应用。FRP桥梁与传统桥梁结构相比具有众多优点,如自重轻、架设速度快、抗腐蚀能力强且不透水、外表美观、色泽持久、抗超载和抗疲劳性及抗震性能好,可实现更大跨度等。结合近年来的研究工作,对两种FRP桥梁结构-轻质FRP桥梁和快速架设应急FRP桥的结构形式、受力性能以及设计计算要点进行了总结;还对两种FRP桥梁构件-FRP桥面板和FRP-混凝土组合构件的构造形式、受力特点和设计方法进行了介绍。最后,对FRP桥梁结构应用中的问题进行了讨论和展望,认为高性能FRP桥梁有望成为FRP在结构中应用的一个热点。

MECHANICAL BEHAVIORS AND DESIGN METHODS OF FRP BRIDGE STRUCTURES

FRP(fiber reinforced polymer) is very suitable for bridge structures for its material properties.FRP bridge have many advantages beyond conventional bridge structures,such as light weight,rapid erect,resistance to chemicals and impermeably,aesthetic appearance,lasting color,fatigue resistance and over-load recoverability, good seismic performance,and potential for longer span.Based on the recent research,the paper summarizes the structural types,mechanical characteristic and design methods for two types of FRP bridge structures,light weight FRP bridges and quickly erectable FRP bridges for emergency response,and also presents those for two bridge components,FRP decks and FRP-concrete hybrid elements.Then,the problems encountered to the application of FRP bridge components are discussed.Future prospects of high-performance FRP bridges to be a hot point of FRP application for structures are convinced.