一种三维隧道地质超前预报新方法的研究与应用

目前,各类隧道地质超前预报技术在隧道开挖过程中发挥着巨大作用,首先简要阐述了隧道地质超前预报发展概况及存在问题,然后基于自主研发的AGI-T3三维隧道地质超前预报系统,较详细地介绍了隧道地质超前预报三维观测系统设计方法;根据掌子面前方反射波信号特征(负速度),应用"F-K"二维速度滤波方法提高信噪比;基于地震波共反射面元(CRS)叠加和偏移成像原理实现隧道地质三维成像。最后通过数值模型和工程实例,分析验证了仪器信号采集和成像方法的正确性和实用性,为隧道的超前探测和预报工作开辟了一条全新、有效、简洁高效的途径。

The Applied Research of 3D Tunnel Geological Prediction Method

At present, various types of tunnel geological prediction technology playa huge role in tunnel excavation. This paper first briefly describes the tunnel geological prediction and problems, and then based on independent research and development of AGI - T3 three - dimensional tunnel geological advanced prediction system, the tunnel geological prediction three- dimensional geometry design is introduced in detail. According to the face reflected wave signal characteristics （negative velocity）, ＂F- K＂ the 2D speed filtering method is applied to improve the signal- to- noise ratio. Based on seismic waves reflecting surface element （CRS） and migration imaging principle, tunnel geological three- dimensional imaging is realized. Finally, through numerical models and engineering examples, the cor rectness and practicability of the instrument signal collection and imaging method are ana lyzed and verified, which provides a new, effective and simple method for the tunnel ad vanced detection and prediction.