废弃物综合利用与生态环境材料

本文从生态环境材料的角度讨论废弃物综合利用中存在的问题及其研究进展。研究表明,利用废弃物煅烧过程中会有部分重金属逸放,在没有专门处理废气Hg污染的设备下,Hg含量较高的城市污泥不宜直接用于煅烧陶粒或砖,否则会造成二次污染。Hg、Pb含量较高的废弃物用作煅烧水泥熟料时,回转窑窑灰也不宜再次入窑,但可作为混合材生产水泥,从而减少Hg、Pb的逸放造成环境的污染。而立窑不宜使用Hg、Pb含量较高的废弃物煅烧水泥熟料,否则会产生二次污染。烟气脱硫灰渣用于水泥生产需注意SO2污染及对水泥性能影响的问题,可利用脱硫灰渣生产高性能水泥调凝剂和高性能砌筑水泥或砂浆。

The General Utilization of Waste Materials and Ecomaterials

The problems and their researches on the utilization of materials are discussed in the aspect of e-comaterials in this paper. The researches indicate that some heavy metals melt in the calcinations of waste materials. The sewage sludge with high content of Hg should not be directly calcined to make ceramisite agitator or bricks without special disposal equipments of Hg for the exhaust gas, otherwise the secondary pollution would come into being. When the waste materials with a lot of Hg and Pb are used to make clinkers, the dust of rotary kilns should not be back into the kilns and calcined again, but used as admixtures,in order to reduce the pollution of Hg and Pb in environment. And the waste materials with a lot of Hg and Pb should not be calcined in vertical kilns,otherwise Hg and Pb would cause secondary pollution. The pollution of sulfur dioxide and the effect of cement performance should be recognized when ashes from desulfuriation are used to produce clinkers. The ashes from desulfurization could be used as cement adjusting retarders and masonry cement or mortar with high performance.