Physical properties of tin oxide films deposited by oxidation of SnCl2 |
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Authors: | N Srinivasa Murty GK Bhagavat SR Jawalekar |
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Affiliation: | Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay 400076 India |
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Abstract: | Highly transparent and conducting SnO2 films, as required in thin film heterojunction solar cells, were deposited onto Pyrex glass substrates by oxidation of SnCl2 in the temperature range 350–500°C. Oxygen with a flow rate of between 1 and 3.251 min-1 was used as both the carrier gas and the oxidizing agent. For films deposited in these conditions the resistivity varies from 10-2 to 10-3 Ω cm with transmission in the range 87%–71%. It was observed that both the resistivity and the transmission decrease with increasing deposition temperature. The resistivity of films deposited at a fixed deposition temperature passes through a minimum as the oxygen flow rate is increased. Hence, SnO2 films with low resistivity and high transmission can be produced by the oxidation of SnCl2 at relatively low temperatures using the oxygen flow rate corresponding to the minimum resistivity. For example, in the present work, low resistivity (4.4 × 10-3 Ω cm) and high transmission (87%) were observed for films deposited at 400°C with an oxygen flow rate of 1.81 min-1. The effects of the deposition temperature, oxygen flow rate and deposition time on the thickness, deposition rate, resistivity and absorption coefficient are discussed in detail. |
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