大样品中子活化分析的理论依据和误差修正

中子活化分析(NAA)是最重要的核分析技术之一。目前,国内和国际上绝大多数NAA实验室只能对小样品(mg～g或μL～mL)进行分析。本工作概要介绍大样品中子活化分析的原理,重点介绍了由于体积增大而带来的中子注量率自屏蔽、γ射线自吸收等修正因子的算法,以及对样品不均匀性的修正方法。

Theory and Error Correction for Large Sample Neutron Activation Analysis

Neutron activation analysis (NAA), as one of the most important inorganic trace analysis techniques, has been widely used in various fields. At present, however, it has been implemented only on relatively small sample sizes (typically, several hundred mg or μL) in all domestic and large majority of foreign NAA laboratories. In this paper, the necessity, the theory and the practice of large sample NAA (LSNAA) were briefly introduced. Corrections for thermal neutron self-shielding, γ-ray self-attenuation, and other factors involved in LSNAA were discussed.