纳米蒙脱土-脂肪族聚氨酯弹性体的合成与制备

采用聚四氢呋喃醚（PTMG1000）为软段，4，4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯（HMD1）、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（1PD1）为硬段，层间距分别为1．95nm和2．40nm的2种有机蒙脱土，以插层聚合法制备出不同硬段含量和有机蒙脱土含量的纳米蒙脱土．脂肪族聚氨酯弹性体，并研究了硬段含量、有机蒙脱土含量、二异氰酸酯和有机蒙脱土种类对脂肪族聚氨酯弹性体力学性能的影响。结果表明，硬段含量对材料力学性能影响最大，其次是有机蒙脱土含量。当硬段质量分数达40％时，拉伸强度最高达14．06MPa；有机蒙脱土少量加入可有效提高材料的撕裂强度和断裂伸长率。以HMD1、PTMG1000和MMT2为原料，硬段质量分数为40％时，所合成的纳米蒙脱土-脂肪族聚氨酯弹性体具有较好的力学性能。

Synthesis and Preparation of Nano-montmorillonite-Aliphatic Polyurethane Elastomer

Nano-montmorillonite-aliphatic PU elastomers with different hard segment contents and organic montmorillonite contents were prepared by intercalative polymerization, on the basis of PTMG1000 as the soft segment, HMDI and IPDI as the hard segment, BDO as the chain extender, and 2 organic modified montmorillonites of layer distance of 1.95 nm and 2.40nm. The influence of hardsegment content, organic montmorillonite content,the sorts of diisocyanate and organic modified montmorillonite on the mechanical properties of the aliphatic PU elastomer was investigated. The results showed that the influence of hard segment content on aliphatic PU mechanical properties is the biggest, while the content of organic modified montmorillonite is the second. With 40% mass fraction of hard segment, the tensile strength of aliphatic PU is up to 14.06MPa; a small amount of organic modified montmorillonite is able to increase the tensile strength and the elongation at break of aliphatic PU dramatically. Nano-montmorillonite-aliphatic PU elastomer synthesized from HMDI, PTMG1000 and MMT2 with 40% mass fraction of hard segment possesses better mechanical properties.