激光焊接过程视觉传感技术的发展现状

比较了目前激光焊接过程监测中常用的CCD和CMOS两种类型视觉传感器的性能,介绍了激光焊接过程视觉传感技术的难题及其解决方案以及常用的成像信号提取光路,综述了激光焊接过程同轴和旁轴视觉传感技术的各自特点以及国内外在这方面的研究现状.分析认为,日本在主动视觉传感技术研究方面比较先进,而德国在被动式同轴视觉传感检测的研究上处于领先地位,并且已有成型的产品推出.国内在这方面的研究已经起步,但与国外相比在系统研发上还有较大差距.目前激光焊接过程视觉传感检测技术主要用于激光焊接机理等研究工作,将其应用于实际生产是激光焊接过程视觉监测技术的研发方向.

State-of-arts of visual sensing technology to monitor laser welding process

The performances of CCD camera and CMOS camera, which were used in monitoring the laser welding process, were compared.The problems and their solutions in visaul sensing for laser welding process and the common used light path to abstract the imaging signal were introduced.The characteristics of the coaxial and side visual sensing technologies and their state-of-the-arts of developments were summaried.The analyzed results showed that, the active visual sensing technology of Japan is much more advanced than that of the other countries, and the passive coaxial visual sensing technology of Germany is in the leading level in the world, and the laser welding heads with coaxial visual sensor and sending sy stem were developed by some institute and company in Germany.The studies on the visual sensing technologies for laser welding starts relatively late, which has a vast gap with the developed coountries.At present, the visual sensing and monitoring technology for laser welding is mainly used in basic research such as study of the laser welding mechanism, and its application in production is the developing direction of the research and development of coaxial sensing technology.