汽轮机叶片用1Cr12Mo钢的化学成分和热处理

比较了三家国内钢厂的汽轮机叶片用1Cr12Mo钢的化学成分。分析了该钢调质后力学性能不符合要求的原因。结果表明:要使1Cr12Mo钢获得较高的力学性能,应按技术要求合理控制该钢的化学成分。例如,调质后动叶片用电渣钢的力学性能优于静叶片用的电炉钢;Ni含量偏低会使该钢调质后δ-铁素体含量超标,从而导致力学性能不合格。根据有效的经验公式预测钢的组织,合理制订热处理工艺,出炉前抽验叶片的硬度,建立性能数据库等,是使1Cr12Mo钢叶片获得更好的热处理质量的有效措施。

Chemical Composition and Heat Treatment of 1Cr12Mo Steel for Turbine Blade

A comparison among the chemical compositions of 1Cr12Mo steel for use with turbine blade derived from three domestic steel works was made. Causes for substandard mechanical properties of the steel following quenching and tempering were analyzed. The results indicate that to allow the 1Cr12Mo steel exhibit excellent mechanical properties its chemical composition should be reasonably controlled according to the specification, e. g., the electroslag-melted steel for use with the dynamic blade is superior to the electric steel for use with the static blade in mechanical properties after quenching and tempering, and the lower nickel content will resulting in excess δ-ferrite amount in the steel and, therefore, the substandard mechanical properties after quenching and tempering. The effective ways to render the heat treatment quality of the 1Cr12Mo steel blades better are as follows： to lay down reasonable heat treatment process, to spot-check hardness of one or several blades before their heat treating process ending, to establish the property database, etc.