汶川大地震公路桥梁震害分析及对策

 对5.12汶川大地震四川重灾区国(省)干线公路1 657座桥梁震害的调查检测结果加以归纳，总结出7种公路桥梁的宏观震害；归纳了梁式桥及拱桥的几种典型震害——移位、落梁、桥墩剪断、压溃和开裂、桥台墙体开裂、桥台肋板和背墙开裂、桥台填料垮塌、拱圈开裂、拱上结构开裂等，并对其进行了初步分析。根据震害，提出了桥位及桥型选择应注意的有关因素，以及针对梁体移位、桥墩破坏等震害的相关抗震对策。

EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED DAMAGE ANALYSIS OF HIGHWAY BRIDGES IN WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE AND COUNTERMEASURES

The results of the investigation on 1 657 bridges damaged in Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province were summarized；and seven types of macro-earthquake damages of highways and bridges were presented. For beam bridges and arch bridge，the main damages were girder displacement，girder falling，pier damage by shear force，pier and girder crushing and cracking，bridge abutment wall and ribbed slab cracking，bridge abutment filler sloughing，arch ring and spandrel cracking，etc.. All of the damage reasons of the bridges were analyzed preliminary；and the influential factors for selections of bridge sites and types were also put forward. The countermeasures were presented at last for girder displacement and pier damage.