清漪园赅春园造园艺术及园林审美探析

赅春园位于颐和园万寿山后山,是清漪园早期建造的园林建筑群,现存遗址。该园写仿江南金陵永济寺,抽象地写意镇江的金山和焦山,园林建造巧借天然岩壁、重塑山形地势,营造出攀登山林、一览全景之气势。园内山石设计巧妙运用留山、凿山与掇山等手法,其中清可轩与天然石壁意趣相得,为全园点睛之笔。园内文化内涵深厚,兼具儒、道、释等多元文化,是乾隆皇帝圣王理想的物化体现。本文通过对赅春园进行文献考证、实地调研、测绘和复原设计等研究内容,对其造园艺术进行分析,并探析造园主人乾隆皇帝的园林审美,进而推动万寿山后山遗址群的保护与展示工作。

The Study on Gardening Art and Aesthetics of Gaichun Garden in the Summer Palace

Gaichun Garden is located at the back side of Longevity Hill in the Summer Palace, which is an existing garden buildings ruin built in early Qingyi period. This garden imitated Yongji Temple in Nanjing, and reflected Jinshan Mountain and Jiaoshan Mountain in Zhenjiang. The garden construction skillfully made full use of natural rocks to reshape local mountain terrain and create a momentum of bird''s eye view. The design of mountain and rock cleverly used some certain techniques to leave some parts and remove some parts, Qingkexuan cave and natural stone wall bring out the best in each other, which is a punchline of the whole garden. This garden contains profound cultural connotation, including Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, and so on, which is an ideal physical embodiment for Qianlong Emperor. Through relevant literature research, field survey, mapping and rehabilitation design, the art of this garden was analyzed to explore and discuss the garden owner''s aesthetic of Qianlong emperor, so as to promote the work of conservation and presentation of the back side runs of Longevity Hill.