婴儿被服热舒适性研究进展

为促进婴儿热生理舒适,推动婴儿被服热舒适性测评方法及理论体系的建立,回顾了婴儿被服热舒适性的相关研究,在分析婴儿与环境热传递机制的基础上,讨论了婴儿被服热舒适性的影响因素及测评方法,并根据当前研究现状提出了发展方向。研究表明:婴儿主要依靠传导、对流、辐射显热热交换维持人体热平衡,其体表热传递系数明显大于成人;被服的过高隔热、头部覆盖与俯卧姿势可能造成睡眠时婴儿的热应激反应;目前,婴儿暖体假人被认为是研究被服热舒适性最理想的装置,未来的发展应聚焦于婴儿被服热湿传递过程、使用数值模拟方法研究婴儿体表热传递及建立婴儿体温调节模型等方面。

Research progress on thermal comfort of infant bedding

Considering the improvement of the thermal physiological comfort of infants, as well as the establishment of infant bedding thermal comfort evaluation system, this paper reviewed previous researches on the thermal comfort of infant bedding. Based on the analysis of the heat transfer mechanism between the infants and the environment, the influencing factors and test methods for the thermal comfort of the infant bedding were discussed. Besides, the research trend in the field was proposed. Previous researches revealed that the thermal equilibrium of the infants was achieved mainly through the conductive, convective, radiative heat exchange between the surface of the infants and the environment. Moreover, the heat transfer coefficients at the infant skin surface were significantly greater than those of the adults. Excessive thermal protection given by the infant bedding, head covering and prone posture of the infants were likely to cause heat stress for the infants during sleep. Baby thermal manikin was considered as the most ideal device for the research on thermal comfort of infant bedding. In the future, the studies are supposed to focus on the heat and mass transfer process of bedding, numerical simulation on the mechanism of the heat transfer between infants and the environment, and the establishment of the thermoregulation model for infants.