超高分子量聚乙烯纤维增强中空蜂窝模压复合材料性能研究

为研制车船等壳体所用的轻质、高强复合板材,选用超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)短纤维纱,制备成单层经纬为120根/(10 cm)的平纹组织,采用多组经纱持续更替交织层的方法制成2L(1+0)型、4L(2+1)型、6L(3+2)型3种多层角联锁结构织物,采用扦插芯棒、模压成型方法制成菱形蜂窝状的热固性环氧树脂基中空板,并与2块真空吸液法制成的面板组成“三合一”复合板,同时测定了复合板材的结构特征及其平拉、平压和弯曲性能。结果表明:3种类型复合板的密度均远小于水的密度,其中6L(3+2)型最小,为0.48 g/cm³;复合板层数越多,环氧树脂越难渗透尤其是在中空板菱形交叉点处,复合板平拉、平压、抗弯曲强度则呈现递增,制成的6L(3+2)型复合板试样平压强度可达到1.03 MPa。

Study of hollow honeycomb molded composites reinforced by ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fabrics

In order to develop light-weight and high-strength composite sheet materials for vehicle and ship shells, ultra high molecular weight polyethytene(UHMWPE) short fiber yarns were used as the warp and weft to weave honeycomb fabrics with a single layer warp and weft densities being 120 fibers in 10 cm and with to make 2L(1+0), 4L(2+1) and 6L(3+2) structures. Using thermosetting epoxy resin as the matrix, the panel was made of the honeycomb core with top and bottom plates which were made using vacuum method, where the diamond-shaped cells in the core were created by opening sticks. Thethree-in-one honeycomb composite plates were prepared and the structural characteristics of the composite boards and the tensile, flattening and bending properties were measured. The test results show that the specific densities of the three types of composite boards are far less than that of water, and the 6L(3+2) boards reaches a specific density of 0.48 g/cm³. It is also found that the more the layers of the composite boards, the more difficult it is for the epoxy resin to penetrate, especially at the rhombic intersection of the hollow plate, causing flexural strength to increase under horizontal tensile and compression loading. The horizontal compression strength of the 6L (3+2) composite plate sample reach 1.03 MPa.