纳米包覆分散染料的制备及其免水洗染色性能

为实现分散染料的免水洗染色，以2,2′-偶氮二异丁基脒二盐酸盐(AIBA)引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)在C.I.分散紫93染料颗粒表面聚合成P(MMA-co-BA)壳层制备纳米包覆分散染料。探讨反应时间、反应温度、引发剂用量和核壳比对包覆过程的影响，得到较佳反应工艺条件为：温度70℃,时间3 h,引发剂对单体质量分数3%。研究表明：纳米包覆分散染料的Zeta电位为-61.1 mV,染料热稳定性得到显著改善；将其应用于涤纶及涤/棉织物的免水洗染色，在不明显影响手感、色深度和匀染性的同时，织物的各项色牢度较未经水洗的传统热熔染色工艺可提高1～2级，断裂强力提高约10%,且皂洗残液的化学需氧量降低30%以上。

Preparation of nanoscale capsulated disperse dyes and their washing-free dyeing performance

To achieve the washing-free dyeing of disperse dyes, methyl methacrylate(MMA) and butyl acrylate(BA) were initiated by polymerizing 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochlo-ride(AIBA) on the surface of C.I. Disperse Violet 93 dye particles to form P (MMA-co-BA) shell in order to prepare nanoscale capsulated disperse dyes. The effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, initiator dosage, and core-shell ratio on the coating process were investigated. The optimal reaction conditions were identified as temperature 70 ℃, reaction time 3 h, initiator to monomer mass fraction 3%. The study results show that the Zeta potential of nanoscale capsulated disperse dyes is -61.1 mV, demonstrating significant thermal stability improvement. When applied to avoid water dyeing polyester and polyester/cotton fabric, the color fastness of the fabric dyed with the nanoscale capsulated disperse dye is improved by 1 to 2 grades without causing any obvious disturbance to the dyeing process. The breaking strength of such dyed fabric increased about 10%, and the chemical oxygen demand value of the soap-washing residual solution is reduced by more than 30%.