基于运动生物力学的防护服装活动性能研究进展

为准确评估防护服装的活动性能，定量分析防护服装对人体骨肌系统造成的不良影响，基于运动生物力学分别从着装人体的外在运动学行为及内在动力学响应两层面阐述防护服装活动性能的研究现状；梳理了着装人体平衡稳定性相关的特征，总结了肢体活动灵活性相关的表现，分析了人体动力学响应。研究发现：在“服装-人体-环境”系统中，防护服装的尺寸及结构设计、装备的质量及分布位置、人体体型、服装与人体的适配性、环境温度及地面条件均会影响防护服装的活动性能。指出：未来研究应深入挖掘各指标间的关系来剖析着装人体在任务中的动力学补偿策略差异，模拟真实工况条件以全面揭示防护服装活动性能影响机制，提高活动性能评估准确性并合理预测人体骨肌损伤风险。

Research progress in mobility performance of protective clothing based on sports biomechanics

In order to accurately evaluate the mobility performance of protective clothing and quantitatively analyze the adverse effects on the human musculoskeletal system, the current research progress in the mobility performance of protective clothing was reviewed in two aspects based on the methods of sports biomechanics, i.e., the external kinematic behavior and internal dynamic response of the human body. The performance characteristics related to human balance and stability were sorted out, the performance behaviors related to limb flexibility were summarized, and the dynamic response of the human body was analyzed. It was concluded that in the "clothing-human-environment" system, the size and structural design of protective clothing, the weight and distribution of the equipment, the body shape, the suitability of clothing and the human body, ambient temperature and ground conditions will all affect mobility performance of the protective clothing. Future researches in this area should further explore the relationship among various indicators to analyze differences in compensation strategies of clothed human bodies in the activity task, simulate the real working conditions to fully reveal the impact mechanism of the mobility performance of protective clothing, improve the accuracy of mobility performance evaluation and reasonably predict the risk of human bone and muscle injury.