涤/棉交织物一浴法轧染工艺

针对涤/棉交织物染色工艺流程长,耗水耗能大,碳排放量和废水排放量高等问题,研究了涤/棉交织物分散/活性染料一浴两步法轧染工艺。通过分析分散/活性混合染液在不同pH值条件下的稳定性,探讨了焙烘温度、焙烘时间、染浴pH值、固色碱种类与质量浓度、汽蒸时间等对分散蓝79以及K型、KN型、M型活性染料染色效果的影响,并对一浴两步法轧染工艺和两浴两步法工艺产生的能耗进行计算和比较。结果表明:一浴两步法染色织物可以获得与传统染色工艺相同的颜色深度,耐摩擦色牢度以及耐皂洗色牢度可以达到4~5级;以分散蓝79和活性蓝19为例,相比于传统两浴两步法轧染,每染色1万m涤/棉交织物,一浴两步法轧染工艺可减少45.5%的水耗、20.9%的电能消耗、41.7%的热能消耗、40.6%的CO₂排放。

One-bath pad dyeing technology for polyester/cotton fabric

To solve the problems of process complexity, high water and energy consumption, high carbon and waste water emissions in dyeing process of polyester/cotton fabric, a disperse/reactive dye one-bath two-step pad dyeing method of polyester/cotton was investigated. The stability of disperse/reactive mixed dye solution in different pH conditions was analyzed. The effects of baking temperature, baking time, pH, type and concentration of alkali, steaming time on fabric dyeing were discussed using Disperse Blue 79 and K, KN and M Reactive Dyes. The energy consumption of the one-bath pad dyeing process and traditional process were evaluated and compared. The results show that fabrics dyed using the one-bath two-step method achieve the same color depth compared with the traditional dyeing process. The rubbing fastness and washing fastness reach grade 4-5. Take Disperse Blue 79 and Reactive Blue 19 for example, compared with the traditional two-bath pad dyeing process, the one-bath pad dyeing process reduces water consumption by 45.5%, electricity consumption by 20.9%, heat consumption by 41.7% and CO₂ emission by 40.6% per 10 000 m of polyester/cotton fabric.