纤维基自供能电子皮肤的构建及其应用性能研究进展

本文结合触觉传感型电子皮肤的组成结构,首先介绍了常用构筑材料的种类、性能特点及制备工艺,然后针对致密的薄膜基和橡胶基电子皮肤透气性差,长期穿戴易导致皮肤刺痒等问题,概述了可呼吸纤维材料作为电子皮肤基底层、电极层和传感层所具有的独特优势。其次,介绍了压电式和摩擦电式电子皮肤的触觉传感原理,不仅可以实现实时的压力响应,还可收集环境中的机械能转化为电能来实现自供能,有利于制备微型、轻量、柔性的可穿戴器件。最后,从制备方法、性能表征和功能应用等方面系统总结了近年来纤维基自供能电子皮肤在运动监测、医疗检测等多个领域的应用进展,并深入探讨了目前存在的问题与未来的发展方向。

Fabrication and application research progress of fiber-based self-powered electronic skins

This review introduces the categories, characteristics, and preparation processes for constructing materials with applications for electronic skins, from the perspective of composition structure of the electronic skins with tactile sensing capability. The compelling features of breathable fiber materials serving as substrate layer, electrode layer, and sensing layer in electronic skins were highlighted, in view of the poor air permeability of current dense film-based and rubber-based electronic skins that easily lead to itching during long-term wearing. The working mechanisms of piezoelectric and triboelectric electronic skins were introduced, which are not only able to achieve real-time pressure sensing response, but also able to harvest the ambient mechanical energy and convert it into electricity to power themselves. These are conducive to the fabrication of miniatured, lightweight, and flexible wearable devices. The research progresses in fiber-based self-powered electronic skins in the fields of motion monitoring and medical detection were comprehensively summarized in terms of preparation methods, performance characterizations, and practical applications. The existing challenges and future development directions of fiber-based self-powered electronic skins were extensively discussed.