渤海湾盆地潜山内幕油气藏研究进展与启示

渤海湾盆地具有形成潜山的有利地质条件。随着勘探程度的深入,潜山内幕油气藏逐渐取代潜山顶部风化壳油气藏,成为主要勘探目标,但受成藏机理认识和技术水平的制约,渤海湾盆地潜山内幕油气藏的勘探和研究工作尚处于起步阶段。从潜山内幕油气藏的概念、分类及成藏主控因素角度出发,评述了渤海湾盆地潜山内幕油气藏的主要研究进展,探讨了潜山内幕油气藏的建议分类,指出深部油源、储层、内幕隔层有效配置的综合作用是控制潜山内幕油气成藏的主要因素,并阐述相关认识。随着成藏机理认识和技术水平的提升,未来应该积极拓展阿尔奇公式在复杂储层的应用,大力发展潜山内幕储层非均质性预测技术。鉴于潜山内幕速度差异小、波阻抗界面不明显,以及储层埋藏较大、地震波能量吸收衰减严重、地震资料信噪比低的特点,大力实施高精度二次三维地震采集以及大面积连片、精细处理技术,并结合欠平衡钻井与高效测试等技术,减少勘探风险。

Research Progress and Revelation of Inner Hydrocarbon Reservoirs of the Buried hill in Bohai Bay Basin

Bohai Bay Basin has the favorable geological conditions of forming the buried hills.With continuous deepening of the degree of exploration ,inner hydrocarbon reservoirs of buried hills have become the main ex- ploration target gradually instead of top hydrocarbon reservoirs with weathering crust of the buried hills,but its research is still at the initial stage restricted by the knowledge of accumulation mechanism and technical level.The concept,classification and main accumulation controlling factors of the inner hydrocarbon reservoirs of the buried hills are introduced.The major achievement of research is summarized and the recommended classification of the inner hydrocarbon reservoir of buried hills is discussed.It is pointed out that the efficient allocation of deep source rocks,internal reservoirs and inner impermeable layers is the main accumulation controlling factors of the inner hydrocarbon reservoirs of the buried hills ,and related understandings is elabo- rated.With the development of understanding of accumulation and technical level,forecasting techniques of het- erogeneity of the inner reservoirs in the buried hills should be developed widely through the application of Archie equation to the complicated reservoirs.The inner hydrocarbon reservoirs of the buried hills have the characteristics of few velocity differences ,unclear wave impedance interface ,deep buried depth of reservoirs, great absorption decay of seismic-wave energy and low signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data.High-precision secondary 3D seismic acquisition and fine treatment technique should be implemented together with the tech- nology of underbalanced drilling and high-efficiency test so as to decrease exploration risk.