晶粒尺寸对304奥氏体不锈钢组织演变和性能的影响

研究了初始织构相近而晶粒尺寸不同的304奥氏体不锈钢在后续10%压缩变形和热处理过程中微观组织、力学和耐蚀性的变化。结果表明，具有相似织构而晶粒尺寸不同的样品变形热处理后其织构不同，粗晶在变形中织构的变化更大；织构相近时抗拉强度对晶粒尺寸的依赖较大；织构不同时，织构对硬度和抗拉强度的影响大于晶粒尺寸和微应变的影响；变形热处理后普通大角度晶界和晶内微应变的增大降低了试样的耐腐蚀性能；初始晶粒尺寸较小的试样在变形热处理后出现四种密排面平行于外表面的织构，其耐点蚀的性能更优。

Grain Size Effect on Microstructure Evolution and Properties of 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel

304 austenitic stainless steel was pre-heated in the conditions of different temperatures and time to produce samples with close texture but different grain size. Then the effect of the subsequent compression and heat treatment on the microstructure evolution and properties of the obtained samples was investigated. Results show that the initial grain size played an important role in the final texture of the sample after deformation and heating. The texture in the initial sample with coarse grains changed much more than that in the sample with finer grains. For the samples with close textures, grain size has greater effect on their tensile strength; For samples with different texture, the texture has greater effect on mechanical properties rather than the grain size and micro stain. During the deformation and subsequent heating, the increase of macro strain within the grains and high angle boundaries with high energies lowered the corrosion resistance of 304 steel. However, after deformation, the preferred orientation texture with four planes of close-packed lattice emerged on the samples, thereby, the corrosion resistance of the steel could be increased to some extent.