埋地热油管线间歇输送技术研究

原油管道低输量情况普遍存在。当管道输量低于允许最低输量时，如能采用间歇输送工艺则可以有效解决这一难题。在间歇输送过程中如果停输时间过长，管道内原油温度降低到一定值后，就会给管道的再启动带来极大的困难，甚至造成凝管事故。根据铁岭-大连管道的热力及水力特征建立了埋地管道间歇输送温降数学模型、再启动温升数学模型和再启动压力数学模型。采用有限差分方法，把热传导偏微分方程转化为线性方程组后，用迭代法求解。以鞍山到大石桥、大石桥到熊岳两段管道为例进行停输和再启动过程模拟计算。结果表明，当俄油输量为23 300 t/d，出站温度为45 ℃时，该管道在冬季的间歇输送方案是停输8天后再启动输油2天，可保证管道安全过冬。该方案成功地在铁岭-大连管道得到应用。

Intermittent Transportation Technology of Buried Heat Oil Pipelines

The low flow rate of crude oil pipelines is ubiquitous.When the transportation quantity becomes lower than allowed minimum quantity,intermittent transportation technique can be used to solve this problem.In the course of intermittent transportation,if shutdown time is too long and crude oil temperature of pipeline decreases to a certain value,pipeline restart confronts tremendous difficulties,and further probably results in the accidents of pipeline condensation.According to of heating and water power chara...