PPS／PP共混海岛超细纤维的制备及结构性能研究

以聚苯硫醚（PPS）和聚丙烯（PP）为原料，采用熔融共混纺丝法制备PPS／PP共混海岛纤维，经二甲苯溶除剥离基体相PP可制得PPS超细纤维。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、热重分析仪（TG）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）及红外分光谱测试仪（FT—IR），研究了PPS／PP共混组成比和牵伸比对纤维的结构及性能的影响。结果表明：PPS／PP共混组成比从30／70增加至60／40时，PPS超细纤维平均直径从228nm增至408nm；当PPS／PP共混组成比大于60／40时，开始出现相转变现象；PP的加入提高了PPS的结晶能力，随着PPS／PP共混组成比增大，纤维线密度逐渐变大，共混纤维中PPS组分的结晶度变小，纤维力学性能降低；提高牵伸倍数，纤维线密度变小，断裂强度增强，共混纤维中PPS组分的结晶度升高，纺速在280～350m／min之间时，共混纤维可在2．0—3．0倍下进行牵伸；共混纺丝制得的PPS超细纤维热稳定性有所下降，但并不影响PPS高温使用性能。

Preparation and Structural Performance of PPS/PP Blend Sea-Island Superfine Fiber

The polyphenylene sulfide/polypropylene （PPS/PP） sea-island blend fibers were prepared from PPS and PP by blended melt spinning process. PPS superfine fibers were prepared by removing off PP matrix phase from the blend fiber in presence of xylene. Using scanning eleetron microscopy （SEM） , differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） , thermogravimetric analyzer （TG） , X-ray diffraction （XRD） and infrared spectroscopy tester （FT- IR） , the effects of composition ratio and drawing ratio on structure and properties of fiber were studied. The results showed that the average diameter of PPS superfine fiber rose to 408 nm from 228 nm when the composition ratio of PPS/PP increased to 60/40 from 30/70. The phase transition began to appear when the composition ratio of PPS/PP was more than 60/40. PP improved the crystallization ability of PPS, the fiber linear density became larger, the crystallinity of PPS and the mechanical properties of fibers decreased, with the PPS/PP blend composition ratio increasing. The fiber linear density became small, the fracture strength of fiber reinforced and crystallinity of PPS increased, with the drawing ratio improving. The drawing ratio of PPS/ PP blend fiber was 2.0 to 3.0 times when the spinning speed was between 280 - 350 m/min. The thermal stability of PPS superfine fiber declined, but that did not affect the high temperature properties of PPS.