Direct Radiative Forcing of Anthropogenic Aerosols over Oceans from Satellite Observations |
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Authors: | CHEN Lin SHI Guangyu QIN Shiguang YANG Su ZHANG Peng |
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Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites/China Meteorological Administration,National Satellite Meteorological Center,Beijing 100081;State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029 2. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029 3. Meteorological Observation Center of China Meteorological Administration,Beijing,100081 4. Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites/China Meteorological Administration,National Satellite Meteorological Center,Beijing 100081 |
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Abstract: | Anthropogenic aerosols play an important role in the atmospheric energy balance. Anthropogenic aerosol optical depth (AOD) and its accompanying shortwave radiative forcing (RF) are usually simulated by numerical models. Recently, with the development of space-borne instruments and sophisticated retrieval algorithms, it has become possible to estimate aerosol radiative forcing based on satellite observations. In this study, we have estimated shortwave direct radiative forcing due to anthropogenic aerosols over oceans in all-sky conditions by combining clouds and the Single Scanner Footprint data of the Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES/SSF) experiment, which provide measurements of upward shortwave fluxes at the top of atmosphere, with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol and cloud products.We found that globally averaged aerosol radiative forcing over oceans in the clear-sky conditions and all-sky conditions were-1.03±0.48 W m-2 and -0.34±0.16 W m-2, respectively. Direct radiative forcing by anthropogenic aerosols shows large regional and seasonal variations. In some regions and in particular seasons, the magnitude of direct forcing by anthropogenic aerosols can be comparable to the forcing of greenhouse gases. However, it shows that aerosols caused the cooling effect, rather than warming effect from global scale, which is different from greenhouse gases. |
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Keywords: | shortwave radiative forcing anthropogenic aerosols optical depth satellite measurements |
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