大型硫磺回收装置运行异常原因分析及应对措施

目的 结合硫磺回收装置的工艺特点，分析大型硫磺回收装置运行异常的原因，并找到应对措施。方法 (1)分析高温掺和阀阀芯腐蚀的原理，在检修窗口期及时更换阀门；(2)完善络合铁尾气处理流程，实现在线升级络合铁尾气处理单元脱硫反应器填料；(3)更换受损的蒸汽过热器及加氢反应器入口烟气换热器；(4)在检修窗口期及时处理焚烧炉炉头积垢。结果 解决了装置在生产过程中遇到的瓶颈问题，同时，含盐废水排放减少了25 200 t/a,排放尾气中SO₂质量浓度≤10 mg/m³,连续达标运行超过600天。结论 实现了装置长周期达标排放，且排放指标优于GB 31570-2015《石油炼制工业污染物排放标准》,连续达标天数在同类装置运行记录中排名前列，可为同类装置的长周期运行提供参考。

Cause analysis and countermeasures of abnormal operation of large-scale sulfur recovery unit

ObjectiveAnalyze the reasons for abnormal operation of large-scale sulfur recovery unit by combining the process characteristics of sulfur recovery unit. Methods (1) The corrosion principle of the valve core mixed with high temperature was analyzed and the valve in time during maintenance window period was changed. (2) The tail gas treatment process of complex iron was improved, and the packing on-line upgrading of desulfurization reactor in complex iron tail gas treatment unit was realized. (3) The damaged steam superheater and hydrogenation reactor inlet flue gas heat exchanger were replaced. (4) The incinerator head fouling during maintenance window period was treated. ResultsThe bottleneck problems in the process of device production were solved. At the same time, the discharge of salt-containing wastewater decreased by 25 200 t/a, the SO₂ mass concentration in exhaust gas was less than or equal to 10 mg/m³, and the unit operated continuously for more than 600 days. ConclusionsThe purpose of long period discharge standard was achieved, and the emission index is better than the GB 31570-2015 Emission standard of pollutants for petroleum refining industry, the continuous compliance days in the forefront of similar equipment operation records, which can provide reference for the long-term operation of similar devices.