中国动力煤应用现状及碳捕集与封存展望

为提高动力煤利用效率,分析了中国不同牌号动力煤和各大产区动力煤的煤质特性,阐述了中国动力煤的应用现状。针对动力煤燃烧过程中CO2排放量逐年增长的现状,提出了碳捕集与封存战略,并介绍了目前中国运行中的碳捕集项目。结果表明,中国动力煤中以弱黏煤灰分最低为13.10%,发热量最高为29.59 MJ/kg;贫煤灰分、硫分最高,但水分、挥发分较低;褐煤硫分、发热量最低,水分和挥发分最高。动力煤主要用来发电,其次是锅炉燃烧。褐煤主要用作发电燃料,部分用于气化和合成气;长焰煤多为电厂、机车、窑炉燃料,也可为气化用煤;不黏煤、弱黏煤除用于发电外,还可作为动力及民用燃料。最后提出开展碳捕集与封存技术（CCS）是降低燃煤CO2排放,缓解温室效应的重要措施。

Steam coal utilization and carbon capture and storage in China

To improve the utilization of steam coal,analyze the coal properties of different types and the main coal-producing areas. Provide the carbon capture and storage（ CCS） strategy to reduce the increasingly CO2 emissions caused by coal combustion. Introduce some CCS projects in China. The ash of weakly caking coal is the lowest with 13. 10%,the calorific value is the highest with 29. 59 MJ /kg. The ash and sulfur of meager coal is the highest,while its moisture and volatile is lower. The lignite,with the lowest moisture,calorific value and highest moisture and volatile,is mainly used to generate power,then gasification and synthesis. The steam coal is mainly used to generate power,then boiler combustion. The long flame coal provides energy for power plant,locomotive and furnace. Non-caking coal and weakly caking coal generate power and provide fuel for civil use. The CCS is an important method to reduce the CO2 emissions and mitigate the greenhouse effect.