Comparison of uniaxial/biaxial extensional rheological properties of mixed dough with traditional rheological test results: relationship with the quality of steamed bread

The formula and preparation of steamed bread are different from those of western bread. The extensional rheological behaviour plays a key role in the development of steamed bread dough. However, there are inadequate studies on the rheological properties of mixed dough with yeast. In this study, the relationship between properties of dough in the presence or absence of yeast was elucidated. Besides, the flour characteristics and quality of steamed bread prepared from different wheat varieties were evaluated. The uniaxial/biaxial extensional rheological properties of wheat dough were compared with traditional rheological test results. Large deformations in the extensional properties were measured by Extensograph and the Kieffer extensibility rig, while the biaxial extension was quantified using uniaxial compression. These characteristics of dough and flour correlated with each other in different ways. Correlation analysis illustrated that the uniaxial extensional rheological properties of dough with yeast better indicated the quality of the steamed bread. Moreover, the total work for breakage of the dough with yeast was the best predictor for specific volume of steamed bread. The texture-based properties of steamed bread showed correlation with biaxial extension viscosity. The rheological tests provide useful information for evaluating wheat flour and steamed bread quality.