Mn- and Mn/Cu-doped PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric ceramics for high-power transducers |
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| Authors: | Beecher H Watson III Michael J Brova Mark A Fanton Richard J Meyer Jr Gary L Messing |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA;2. Applied Research Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA |
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| Abstract: | The effects of acceptor doping with manganese as either MnO2 or MnNb2O6 (MnN) with CuO on the dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of PIN-PMN-PT ceramics were investigated. The 2% MnNb2O6-doped PIN-PMN-PT (6Pb(Mn1/3Nb2/3)O3-25Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-34Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-35PbTiO3) ceramics possessed hard properties such as high coercive field (EC) of 11.7 kV/cm, low dielectric loss (tan δ) of 0.7%, and high electromechanical quality factor (QM) of 1011. These properties were diminished in MnO2-doped ceramics because of lower oxygen vacancy defect concentration, and exaggerated grain growth resulted in >20 µm grain size. Co-doping with 2 mol% MnNb2O6 and 0.5 mol% CuO retained hardened properties such as high EC of 9.6 kV/cm, low tan δ of 0.6%, and high QM of 1029. MnNb2O6-doped and MnNb2O6 + Cu co-doped ceramics display excellent figures of merit for resonance and off-resonance applications as well as high energy conversion efficiencies which make them promising candidates for high-power transducer elements. |
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| Keywords: | ceramics dielectric materials/properties ferroelectricity/ferroelectric materials perovskites piezoelectric materials/properties |
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