Acyl group distributions in tissue lipids of rats fed evening primrose oil (λ-linolenic plus linoleic acid) or soybean oil (α-linolenic plus linoleic acid) |
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Authors: | C -E Høy G Hølmer N Kaur I Byrjalsen D Kirstein |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Technical University of Denmark, Building 224, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark
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Abstract: | Three groups of rats were fed diets with either 10 weight percent (wt%) of evening primrose oil, safflower oil or soybean
oil for 11 weeks. Diets contained 7.1 wt% linoleic acid +0.8 wt% γ-linolenic acid, 7.6 wt% linoleic acid, or 5.3 wt% linoleic
acid +0.7 wt% α-linolenic acid, respectively. In liver mitochondria as well as in heart, dietary γ-linolenic acid did not
affect the fatty acid profiles of phosphatidylcholnes (PC), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) or cardiolipins (CL), whereas dietary
α-linolenic acid caused an increased formation of (n−3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The liver Δ6− and Δ5-desaturase
activities determined in vitro were not affected by the dietary fats. In brain PE, which are rich in C22− and C20-(n−3) PUFA,
as well as in testes PC and PE, which are rich in (n−6) PUFA, no effects were found from a partial replacement of dietary
linoleic acid with γ-linolenic acid or α-linolenic acid. In kidney PC, PE, phosphatidylinositol (PI) and CL, 20∶3(n−6) was
moderately elevated to ca. 1% following intake of γ-linolenic acid, whereas partial replacement of linoleic acid with α-linolenic
acid was followed by increased deposition of 22∶6(n−3) in PC and PE of testes and kidney. Thus, no general effect of evening
primrose oil on the content of (n−6) PUFA in rat tissue phospholipids was observed, wheras a significant incorporation of
γ-linolenic acid into liver and adipose tissue triglycerides was found. |
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