五个紫菜品系间遗传差异的RAPD分析

应用随机引物扩增片段多态性（RAPD）技术对2种紫菜的5个品系进行遗传多样性分析。共筛选出21条随机引物，PCR反应得到147条扩增片段。根据共享扩增片段计算遗传相似性指数（F）和相对遗传距离，利用NJ法构建系统树。结果表明，条斑紫菜或坛紫菜的养殖品系首先聚类在一起，两个条斑紫菜养殖品系之间的遗传距离是0．32，两个坛紫菜养殖品系之间的遗传距离是0．31。条斑紫菜养殖品系CPY1－08A与坛紫菜养殖品系CPH8－83之间的遗传距离最大，达0．42。本文结果显示RAPD可以作为简便有效的分子工具应用于紫菜的遗传多样性和种质鉴定研究中。

RAPD Analysis of Genetic Variation among Cultivated Porphyra

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was applied to analyze the genetic variation of 5 filamentous strains of Porphyra stored in laboratory. The material included 1 wild Porphyra yezoensis strain, 2 cultivated P. yezoensis strain and 2 cultivated P. haitaneusis strain. 21 primers were selected from 120 random 10 mers which could yield 147 distinguishable bands by using PCR. Genetic similarity (F) was calculated by using Nei & Li's matching coefficient method. Result of NJ (Neighbor Joining) cluster analysis based on the value of the genetic distance showed that 2 cultivated strains of P. yezoensis or 2 cultivated strains of P. haitaneusis were clustered together firstly. The genetic distance between 2 cultivated strains of P. yezoensis is 0.32, and that between 2 cultivated strains of P. haitaneusis is 0.31. The largest distance (0.42) was found between one cultivated P. yezoensis strain and one cultivated P. haitaneusis strain. Result of this paper suggested that RAPD could be a convenient and effective method to study genetic variance and to manage germplasm identification for Prophyra stocks.