5．12汶川地震中多层房屋典型震害规律研究

根据汶川地震房屋震害现场调查资料,总结了地震中多层房屋典型震害规律:砌体房屋主要为墙体发生剪切破坏;对底框架房屋,刚度比不同,导致房屋不同部位发生破坏;砌体-木屋架房屋,屋面破坏严重;混凝土框架房屋,破坏集中在填充墙以及混凝土柱头、柱脚;经过抗震设计的多层房屋震害明显轻于未经抗震设计的房屋。对如何提高建筑的抗震性能提出了若干建议,为今后房屋建筑抗震积累了经验。

Damage of Multistory Buildings During the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake

Based on the field surveys in seismic regions after the Wenchuan Earthquake,damage features of multistory buildings of different kinds of the most commonly used were summarized and analyzed in this paper.For masonry buildings,the walls were damaged because of shear.The buildings were damaged on different positions because of the different stiffness ratios of masonry buildings with frame at lower stories. The roofing of masonry-timber roof buildings was heavily damaged.For RC framed buildings,the damages were fastened on filler walls,column heads and column heels.It is obvious that the seismic casualty of the aseismic designed buildings was slighter than that of the undersigned buildings.Besides,in order to improve the seismic performance buildings under strong earthquakes,suggestions on future research were proposed.