非常规油气勘探、评价和开发新方法

非常规油气资源丰富,商业开采潜力大,北美页岩油气已经实现工业化和商业化成功开采.因不同于常规储层的低孔、低渗等特征,非常规储层的勘探、评价和开发需要一套新的技术和方法.在对北美已经商业化生产的Eagle Ford,Marcellus和Hawkville等区块的页岩勘探、评价和开发技术调研的基础上,总结出一套针对非常规油气勘探、评价及开发的方法.首先通过二维和三维地震技术以及试验井勘探,识别盆地形态和边界、储层厚度和面积;其次通过岩心数据对测井曲线进行校正,获取包含测井资料、岩石物理分析成果和“七性关系”处理的测井解释综合成果图,并结合地震识别技术,对有利储层及“甜点”区分布进行预测;最后,应用地质导向技术,引导水平井钻井在相对高品质储层中持续安全稳定的进行,并结合三维地震技术,针对不同地质储层情况设计不同的压裂增产方案,达到有效增产效果.这些新方法的成功探索,能为中国致密油气、页岩油气及煤层气的勘探、评价和开发提供参考.

New methods for the exploration,evaluation and development of unconventional reservoirs

Unconventional petroleum especially shale oil and gas have great geological reserves and large exploitation potentiality, and petroleum in shale reservoir has achieved industrialized production in North America. Because of the properties of low permeability and low porosity compared with conventional reservoir, new geological methods and advanced technologies should be employed for unconventional reservoir research. Based on the study of shale reservoir in Eagle Ford, Marcellus and Hawkville, this paper proposed a series of new approaches for exploration, evaluation and development of unconventional reservoir. Firstly, 2D and 3D seismic along with pilot well used to identify configuration and the boundary of the target basin, as well as the thickness and area of reservoirs. And then, core data were used to carry out log calibration so as to acquire comprehensive logging curve interpretation including logging data, petrophysical analysis data and seven properties of shale reservoirs. Combined with seismic identification technology, ＂sweet spot＂ and favorable reservoirs distribution were effectively predicted. Finally, geosteering was applied to allow the well to stay within the target window in reservoir, and combined with 3D seismic technology, designed scheme of hydraulic fracture stimulation for different geologic reservoirs. The successfully exploration of these new methods can provide reference forthe exploration, evaluation and development of tight oil/gas, shale oil/gas and coalbed methane in China.