基于Markov特征的油气管道泄漏检测与定位方法

针对传统的基于压力信号的管道泄漏检测方法误报率和漏报率偏高,同时定位误差较大的缺点,设计了一种基于Markov特征的管道泄漏检测与定位方法。首先,将管道压力数据构造为Markov链的形式,并提取其动态特征;然后,将所提取的特征应用于Neyman-Pearson异常检测方法之中,检测全部压力数据样本的状态,并对检测到的异常样本进行同源信号匹配,修正检测结果;最后,将相似性定位方法与连续小波定位方法结合,确定管道首末两端响应压力变化的时间差,并根据管道长度和压力波传输速度等信息,对泄漏源定位。所提方法能应用于小泄漏和缓慢泄漏的检测与定位,易于实现,误报率与漏报率显著降低,定位精度提高。通过对历史数据的分析,验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。

Leakage detection and location method of oil and gas pipelines based on Markov features

Aiming at shortcomings of traditional leakage detection methods based on pressure signal, such as high false positive rate and false negative rate, and large location error, a leakage detection and location method of oil and gas pipeline based on Markov feature is designed. First of all, a Markov chain is built from the pipeline pressure data, at the same time, the dynamic features are extracted; then, in order to detect all pressure data sample states, the Neyman Pearson anomaly detection method is applied to the dynamic features; meanwhile, the detection results are corrected through checking whether the detected abnormal samples are matching with the same source signal; last, similarity location method and continuous wavelet location method are combined to determine the time difference of the pressure changes at both ends of the pipe, and the leakage is located according the information of pipeline length and pressure wave transmission speed. The method presented in this paper can be used in the detection and localization of little leakage and slow leakage, is easy to implement; moreover, the false positive rate and false negative rate are significantly decreased, the positioning accuracy is improved. The historical data analysis verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.