基于流态冰的冰源热泵能效及经济性研究

基于流态冰的冰源热泵可以利用近冰点淡水或海水相变潜热作为热源,具有采暖能效高、适用性广的特点。为研究新型冰源热泵在采暖期的能效及经济性,选取我国典型供暖区域的5个城市作为研究对象,结合近5年采暖期各城市的气象参数,分别模拟计算空气源热泵、冰源热泵、地源热泵的系统能效。通过计算各热泵机组的初投资及采暖期运行费用,确定了不同类型热泵系统的静态投资回收期。结果表明,本文提出的新型冰源热泵在采暖期的系统能效较高,为2.8 ~ 3.2。相较于空气源热泵和地源热泵,哈尔滨地区冰源热泵系统的初投资及运行费用最低,不存在静态投资回收期。在北京、郑州、武汉、南京地区的静态投资回收期分别为3.0年、5.1年、2.3年、2.6年。基于流态冰的冰源热泵在冬季供暖方面有很好的应用前景。

Study on Energy Efficiency and Economical Performance of Ice Source Heat Pump Based on Ice Slurry

Ice source heat pump uses the latent heat of fresh water or seawater near freezing point, which has the characteristics of high energy efficiency and wide applicability. In order to study the energy efficiency and economy of the ice source heat pump during heating period, 5 cities of typical heating areas in China were selected as research objects. Based on the meteorological parameters of each city during heating period in recent 5 years, the system energy efficiency of air source heat pump, ice source heat pump and ground source heat pump were simulated respectively. Furthermore, the static investment payback period of ice source heat pump system was studied by calculating the initial investment and operating cost of each heat pump system. The results showed that the system energy efficiency of ice source heat pump was quiet high, which was 2.8 ~ 3.2. In terms of economy, compared with air source heat pump and ground source heat pump, the initial investment and operating cost of ice source heat pump in Harbin were the lowest, and the static investment payback periods of Beijing, Zhengzhou, Wuhan and Nanjing were 3.0, 5.1, 2.3 and 2.6 years respectively. Therefore, the ice source heat pump is a promising application during heating period.