常温常压电催化氮还原合成氨的研究进展

电催化氮还原反应(NRR)可以在环境条件下将N2和H2 O转化为NH3,是一种很有前途的固氮催化体系.然而,由于缺乏高效的催化剂,将电催化氮气还原合成氨工业化还难以实现.为此,深入了解NRR过程至关重要.笔者介绍了NRR的反应机理,阐述了NRR电催化剂的分类、特点及研究现状,分析了NRR电催化剂催化活性的影响因素.研究...

Recent Advances in Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction to Produce Ammonia Under Ambient Conditions

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR)could convert N₂ and H₂O into NH₃ underambient conditions, which is a promising catalytic system for nitrogenfixation. However, due to the lack of efficient catalyst, the industrializationof electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction synthesis ammonia is still difficult toachieve. For this reason, an in-depth understanding of the NRR process isessential. The reaction mechanism of NRR was introduced, i.e. the classification,characteristics and research status of NRR electrocatalysts were described, andthe factors influencing the catalytic activity of NRR electrocatalyst wereanalyzed. The results show that the materials with well developed pore structuresand well dispersed active center have better catalytic activity. Impuritydoping, vacancy creation and interfacial modification are effective means toimprove the activity of catalyst. Finally, the development trend ofelectrocatalytic nitrogen reduction technology is prospected, and it is pointedout that the research and development of new catalysts with high activity, highcost performance and good stability are the main directions of futuredevelopment. Through the discussion of different catalytic systems, it providesideas for the development and improvement of subsequent NRR electrocatalysts.