特约文章：水电现货竞价关键技术研究进展

电力现货市场是现代电力体系的重要组成部分，对还原电力商品属性、发现价格和优化资源配置起着关键作用。水电受径流随机性影响，丰枯矛盾突出，出力不确定性大；水库受综合利用限制多，梯级电站联系紧，多主体上下游电站信息共享难；加上外送通道不足、断面阻塞严重等现状，水电参与电力现货市场面临诸多挑战。本文针对水电参与电力现货市场“量价”申报涉及的关键科学技术问题，包括市场出清价预测、发电能力优化、竞价策略、水电现货报价决策支持系统等，对国内外研究现状进行总结，对提出的数学模型和算法进行归纳，评述了现有方法的优缺点，对未来发展趋势进行展望，旨在为丰富我国电力现货市场理论和方法及水电企业生产经营提供参考。

Advances on key technologies of spot bidding for hydropower

The spot market of power is an important part of the modern power system, which plays a key role in restoring the properties of power commodity, finding its prices, and optimizing its resource allocation. Hydropower is often affected by the randomness of river runoff, which results in prominent contradiction between the high water and low water and great output uncertainty. Operation of a reservoir is usually limited by its comprehensive utilization, the power stations of a cascade system are mutually connected closely, and information sharing between upstream and downstream multi-agent power stations is difficult. In addition, external transmission channels are lacking and section blocking is severe. Thus, hydropower participation in the electricity spot market is facing many challenges. This paper summarizes the research status quo in China and abroad, focusing on the mathematical models and algorithms previously developed and the pros and cans of the existing methods. We also discuss the trends of hydropower spot market development in the future, including the key scientific and technological problems involved in "quantity price" declared in the spot market: prediction of market clearing prices, optimization of power generation capacity, bidding strategy, and the decision support system of hydropower spot quotation. This would help enrich the theory and method of power spot market and improve the production and operation of hydropower enterprises.