页岩气压裂技术进展及发展建议

针对页岩储层孔隙度、渗透率极低，需要压裂改造形成复杂的裂缝网络，才能保证页岩气的高效开发，梳理了直井压裂、水平井压裂、重复压裂、超高导流能力压裂及深层压裂的关键工艺，对比了泡沫、滑溜水、纤维、液化石油气等压裂液体系的优缺点及适用性，归纳了微地震监测、测斜仪监测等裂缝监测技术的原理和优缺点，并提出了页岩气压裂发展的建议。研究得出:我国已实现3 500 m以浅页岩气资源的大规模工业化开发，深层页岩气将成为页岩气开发的重要接替领域；未来压裂液体系发展呈低成本、低伤害、清洁环保、适应苛刻环境的趋势；重复压裂将成为页岩气增产的重要举措，裂缝监测技术是页岩气压裂优化设计的导向，“工厂化”压裂模式是页岩气压裂降低成本的有效途径。

Progress and development suggestion of shale gas fracturing technology

In view of the extremely low porosity and permeability of shale reservoirs，it required fracturing to form a complex fracture network to ensure the efficient development of shale gas.It sorted out vertical well fracturing，horizontal well fracturing，repeated fracturing，and ultra-high conductivity.The key technologies of fluid fracturing and deep layer fracturing had compared the advantages and disadvantages and applicability of fracturing fluid systems such as foam，slippery water，fibers，and liquefied petroleum gas，and summarized fracture monitoring technologies such as microseismic monitoring and inclinometer monitoring.The principle，advantages and disadvantages of the shale gas fracturing，and suggestions for the development of shale gas fracturing.The study concluded that China has achieved large-scale industrial development of shale gas resources shallower than 3 500 m，and deep shale gas became an important replacement area for shale gas development；the future development of fracturing fluid system would be low-cost，low-damage，and clean.The trend of environmental protection and adapting to harsh environments；repeated fracturing became an important measure to increase shale gas production.Fracture monitoring technology was the guide for the optimal design of shale gas fracturing，and the "factory-based" fracturing mode was to reduce shale gas fracturing costs effective way.