基于Shapley-D-S的高层建筑火灾安全评价

针对高层建筑火灾安全评价指标不确定性、模糊性和非线性关系造成难以确定火灾安全等级的难题,提出基于Shapley-D-S的高层建筑火灾安全评价方法。首先从防火能力、电气设备、自动报警系统、自动灭火系统、疏散能力、管理能力6个维度构建评价指标体系;然后引入Shapley值通过非可加测度解决指标间非线性关系,得到指标权重;最后利用证据理论消除评价过程不确定性和模糊性,通过似然函数和证据融合算法得到高层建筑火灾安全等级。将评价方法运用到某小区高层建筑火灾安全评价,结果认为该小区火灾等级位于安全范围内,需关注电气设备、自动灭火系统和疏散能力3个重要指标。

Fire safety evaluation of high-rise buildings based on Shapley-D-S

In view of the difficulty of choosing a suitable method to determine the fire safety level caused by the uncertainty, ambiguity and nonlinear relationship of the fire safety evaluation index of high-rise buildings, a high-rise building fire safety evaluation method based on Shapley- D- S is proposed. First, build an evaluation index system from six dimensions of fire protection capability, electrical equipment, automatic alarm system, automatic fire extinguishing system, evacuation capability, and management capability; then introduce Shapley value to solve the non- linear relationship between indexes through nonadditive measures, and obtain index weights; the evidence theory is used to eliminate the uncertainty and ambiguity of the evaluation process, and the fire safety level of high-rise buildings is obtained through the likelihood function and the evidence fusion algorithm. The evaluation method was applied to the fire safety evaluation of a block of high- rise buildings in Zhengzhou, and the results showed that the fire level of the community was within a relatively safe range. Three important indicators of electrical equipment, automatic fire extinguishing systems and evacuation capability should be paid attention to.