基于植物油和矿物油的10 kV油浸变压器外部热源耐火实验

为了探究不同油浸变压器受火情况下的火灾动力学过程，搭建了全尺度变压器火灾实验平台，分别针对基于RAPO天然酯植物油和25号变压器油的10 kV油浸变压器开展了外部热源耐火实验。研究结果表明，在同一外部热源条件下，矿物油变压器在受火状态下9 min左右即出现猛烈的喷射火灾现象，喷射出的矿物油品同时导致了大面积的池火和流淌火灾，使得火灾进一步加剧。相比而言，植物油变压器燃烧相对平缓，在24 min左右才出现轻微的喷射火现象，但并未造成明显的火灾加剧，且实验结束后变压器周边残存大量未燃植物油。在燃烧实验中，植物油的温升速率约为0.18 ℃/s，显著低于矿物油的0.24 ℃/s，也进一步说明了植物绝缘油的安全性。从消防安全角度，植物油变压器的火灾安全性远胜于矿物油变压器，具有较好的应用前景。

Fire performance of 10 kV natural ester vegetable oil and mineral oil-immersed transformers subjected to the external heat source

In order to explore the fire dynamics of different oil-immersed transformers subject to an external fire, a full-scale transformer fire test platform is constructed to conduct the fire tests on 10 kV natural ester vegetable oil and mineral oil immersed transformers, respectively. It is found that the mineral oil-immersed transformer can form violent jet fires as subjected to the fire for about 9 min, and the ejected mineral oil results in massive pool fires and spill fires, enlarging the burning area. In contrast, the combustion of natural ester vegetable oil immersed transformer is rather gentle. Although the jet fire phenomena also occur after subjected to the fire about 24 min, the combustion area is not markedly enlarged. Meanwhile, a large amount of vegetable oil can be observed in the vicinity of the transformer. During the test, the temperature rise rate of the vegetable oil is 0.18 ℃/s, much lower than that of mineral oil, 0.24 ℃/s, which further confirms the poor combustibility of the vegetable oil. Therefore, the vegetable oil immersed transformer is much safer than the mineral oil-immersed one from the perspective of fire safety, and exhibits a better application prospect.