岩石风化程度特征指标的分析研究

岩石风化程度的划分及工程特性研究，对于工程基础面高程的选择以及工程环境或工程材料的利用具有重要意义。关于岩石风化程度划分目前多是采用工程地质定性评价方法，依赖定性的不确定判据进行岩石风化程度划分带有很大随意性。因此，研究和发展定量分析评价方法是必要的。岩石经过风化作用，形成的风化裂隙具有无方向性、不规则发育等特点，与构造作用形成的微裂隙有着本质区别；风化作用改变了岩石的矿物成分，岩石在风化过程中表现出来的阶段性，反映了岩石的不同风化程度。基于对风化岩石显微裂隙的发育状况及其次生充填特点、长石蚀变性质、粘土矿物成分变化等定性资料的分析研究，给出了定量化的统计，建立了岩石风化程度划分的判据。给出的定量指标很好地反映了风化岩石质量，且与反映岩石风化程度的一些物理力学指标存在良好相关性。

RESEARCH ON CHARACTERISTIC INDEXES OF WEATHERING INTENSITY OF ROCKS

Classification of weathering intensity of rocks and research on their engineering features are important to the selection of foundation elevation and the utilization of engineering environment or materials. The present classification of the weathering intensity of rocks is based on qualitative geological evaluation and is optional. Therefore it is necessary to establish the method for quantitative analysis and assessment. Fissures due to weathering action are in uncertain direction and irregular development,which are basically different from fine fissures due to tectonic process. Weathering fissures are important indicator of weathering intensity. Weathering action changes the mineral composition of rocks,and the periods of weathering process reflect weathering intensity. Based on qualitative analysis of the development of fine fissures of weathered rocks and the characteristics of secondary fillings,erosion of feldspar and variation of clay minerals,quantitative statistics is carried out and the criteria are established for classifying of weathering intensity of rocks. The quantitative indexes given can clearly reveal the change of the quality of weathered rocks,and agree well with the indexes of the physical and mechanical properties of rocks.