分散性黏土鉴定试验的可靠性分析

目前分散性黏土鉴定中所采用的试验方法大致分6类,即针孔试验、双比重计试验、碎块试验、孔隙水的可溶盐试验、可交换性钠离子试验和辅助性试验,采用这些试验对同一土样做分散性鉴定时,其结果有时并不一致。本文总结分析了中国水利水电科学研究院在过去二十多年中对国内外10个工程中34个黏性土样的分散性鉴定试验结果,试验时每一土样采用5种试验方法进行鉴定。通过对试验资料的综合分析,结果表明,黏土样的分散性与其物理性指标无关,但与土的pH值有明显关系。同时通过资料分析,探讨了目前各种流行鉴定方法的局限性,各项试验的相对可靠性和试验中应注意事项,以及分散性黏土鉴定结果的影响因素,给出了各种鉴定试验方法的相对可靠性,并建议了提高针孔试验可靠性的一些措施。

Reliability analysis of identification test of dispersive clay

In order to analyze the reliability of different identification methods of testing dispersive clay,test results for 34 cohesive soil samples taken from 10 projects are reviewed,which were obtained in past two decades and more in the laboratory of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research.Five kinds of identifying methods are used to each sample.The results show that their dispersivities are not related to their physical properties,but are closely related to their pH values.Limitation of the current testing methods is discussed.A method of increasing the reliability of the pinhole testing method is proposed.