Developments in Ozone-Based Bleaching of Pulps |
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| Authors: | Sandeep Kumar Tripathi Nishi Kant Bhardwaj Himadri Roy Ghatak |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Pulping &2. Bleaching, Avantha Centre for Industrial Research and Development, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Indiaskt1973@rediffmail.com;4. Directorate, Avantha Centre for Industrial Research &5. Development, Yamuna Nagar, 135001, India;6. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal 135001, India |
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| Abstract: | ABSTRACTThis paper summarizes the review of developments in the area of ozone-based elemental chlorine free (ECF) and total chlorine free (TCF) bleaching of wood and non-wood pulps. Focused areas of review are reaction mechanism of ozone with carbohydrates and lignin, effect of process conditions maintained during ozone bleaching on pulp properties, effect of using different cellulose protectors, effect of alkaline extraction after ozone bleaching of pulps, effect of ozone bleaching on final bleached pulp properties, ECF and TCF bleaching sequences used along with ozone for of wood and non-wood pulps, and commercial scale utilization of ozone for pulp bleaching. |
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| Keywords: | Ozone Carbohydrates Cellulose Protectors Elemental Chlorine Free Bleaching Hexenuronic Acid Lignin Mass Transfer Metal Ions Pulp Bleaching Total Chlorine Free Bleaching |
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