一种可控簇规模的能耗均衡路由协议的设计

无线传感器网络路由研究的主要难点在于节点负载不均衡,容易导致某些节点能量提前耗尽,从而使得传感器网络过早死亡.针对这一难点,本文提出了一种可控簇规模的能量均衡路由协议(CCERP).该协议综合考虑节点的剩余能量、节点与邻居节点的链路质量、节点的度选择簇首节点,然后根据节点距离Sink节点的最短跳数控制簇首竞争半径,从而控制簇规模,接着利用虚拟力模型进行普通节点成簇,最后簇首通过多跳路由将采集的数据发送至Sink节点.该协议在簇首选举、簇规模控制和簇首间路由都充分考虑了负载均衡,实验结果验证了该协议具有较好的能耗均衡性.

A Controllable Cluster Scale Energy Equalization Routing Protocol

The main difficulty in the research of wireless sensor network routing is that the node load is not balanced, which can lead to the early depletion of some nodes' energy,and to make the sensor network die prematurely.In view of this difficulty,this paper presents a controllable cluster-scale energy-equalization routing protocol(CCERP). Firstly,integrated to account of the residual energy of the node,the link quality of the node and the neighbor nodes, and the degree of nodes to choose the cluster head nodes. Then,the cluster head competition radius is controlled ac-cording to the minimum hop count of the node to Sink node,thus,the cluster size is controlled.The virtual force model is used to cluster the ordinary nodes.Finally,the cluster head sends the collected data to the Sink node via multi-hop routing. This protocol fully considers the load balance in the cluster head election,cluster size control and routing be-tween cluster head nodes. The results show that the protocol has a better energy balance.