Possibilities of Nondestructive Testing of Physico-Mechanical Characteristics of Hypereutectoid Carbon Steels with the Structures of Isothermal Austenite Decomposition

The possibilities of estimating the hardness, the wear resistance under abrasive action and sliding friction, the impact strength, and the internal stresses of the U9 steel (with 0.94% of carbon) with the initial fine-lamellar pearlite structure annealed at 650°C during 2–600 min on the basis of magnetic and electrical characteristics, readings of an eddy-current instrument, and parameters of electromagnetic-acoustic conversion are studied. A comparative analysis of the magnetic, electromagnetic, strength, and tribological characteristics of the U10 and U15 hypereutectoid steels (with 1% and 1.53% of carbon, respectively) subjected both to isothermal treatment at 330–650°C (with formation of pearlite and bainite structures) and to additional short-time annealing at 650°C is carried out.